Step Eighteen Assess Broad Spectrum or Shotgun Concepts and Remedies To fight parasites and bacterial infections simultaneously:

1. Water testing

2. Salting to 0.6%

3. Praziquantel 1ml/100gal

4. Diflubenzuron (Anchors Away or similar)

5. Medicated food

Concepts behind this method:

· Salt controls the majority of ciliated protozoan parasites.

· Medicated food, in lieu of injections, controls the development of bacterial infections which might be brought on by transportation stress.

· Praziquantel is completely safe to use with salt and control Flukes, which are extremely common, very completely.

· Anchors Away eliminates all crustacean parasites including Argulus and Lernea.

· Water testing is important because in quarantine, water quality sometimes sags. This compounds the fishes' stress and is worse than no quarantine at all! Also, fish will NOT get over their various ailments in poor water quality!

Problems with this Shotgun regimen

· Costia can survive this regimen.

· If fish won't eat, then the medicated food will not achieve its objective.

Shotgun Regimen Number TWO

1. Water Testing

2. Salting to 0.6%

3. Drop Salt to below 0.1% before Formalin

4. Medicated food

Go To Step Nineteen

Supplemental Reading:

Prazi - Praziquantel - Fluke treatment and control for Koi ponds and water gardens, without plant or filter effects. Article by Dr Johnson

Potassium Permanganate - KMnO4 - PP Treatment of bacterial ulcers, flukes, parasites, and fungus including saprolegnia in Koi and Goldfish ponds and water gardens reverse with peroxide or dechlorinator - Article by Dr Johnson

Hydrogen Peroxide - Use of hydrogen peroxide for oxygenation or reversal of potassium permanganate in koi and goldfish ponds and water gardens. Article by Dr Erik Johnson.